The Hyperscaler Procurement Playbook, Reverse-Engineered from Public Filings
I get asked a version of this question several times a year. "How do the hyperscalers actually buy optical modules — what are they doing that we should be doing?
I get asked a version of this question several times a year. "How do the hyperscalers actually buy optical modules — what are they doing that we should be doing?
The RPKI standard was published in 2012. Origin validation has been technically possible since 2014. The first major transit operators started enforcing in 2018. As of 2026, ROA coverage globally